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Four Key Management Functions
For successful and effective management, it is necessary to determine its primary functions. The entire control process can be divided into four parts, arranged in strict order to be performed sequentially. The first stage is planning, which can be viewed in terms of strategy, tactics, or operation ( What Are the 4 Basic Functions of Management? ). From any point of view, planning is a clear and concrete definition of goals that will set all future work direction. The second stage is organizing, which consists of allocating available resources to create the most comfortable working environment. The third stage is leading, which is composed of motivating employees and influencing their behavior to achieve goals successfully. Finally, control is the last stage of management, consisting of regulating the entire processs implementation in general and making the necessary adjustments to implement the plan.
Influence of the Immigration Patterns on the U.S. Labor force
The management of the workforce in any country depends on many factors, both internal and external. Among such factors, for example, is the flow of immigrants, which affects jobs availability. As a rule, newcomers are willing to work for much less pay than residents of these places, and therefore often occupy lower or working positions. These facts are supported by relevant statistics, which indicate, for example, a sharp decline in the number of American women working with an increase in immigrants and the appearance of their children (McManus and Kaitlin 1). However, for management, such a labor flow is more a positive phenomenon than a negative one. From the companys economy, it becomes possible to hire an employee for much lower pay while maintaining qualifications in most cases. Moreover, immigrants often work much more actively seeking to earn money. Thus, the flow of immigrants allows for freer management of the workforce due to increased choice.
Help of Technology
In the modern world, almost all spheres of human activity are developing at a rapid pace. Maintaining an enterprise or organizations work at the same level is not enough to follow proven scenarios; it is necessary to adapt and use new solutions. First of all, various technological solutions can be used that allow increasing the degree of customer satisfaction with the companys services. Modern technologies are actively developing in the direction of human connection with the virtual world, resulting in numerous augmented reality and location tracking systems (Parise et al. 1). However, despite the wide range of possibilities, two methods are most popular among companies: introducing a digital assistant and a remote expert. Both of these methods, combined with high-tech solutions, allow increasing the enterprises degree of organization and improving customer service quality due to direct and quick communication between the company and a specific person.
Six Phases of the Decision-Making Process
Any management process is closely related to decision-making, sometimes very difficult and within a limited time frame. Six steps have been developed to bring organization and clarity to the efforts of managers. First, the specialist needs to establish the goal and collect as much information as possible about it, asking all possible additional questions (Salvia). It is essential to ask the right questions to find out more about the needed information, such as deciding who will be affected by this decision. Secondly and thirdly, it is necessary to discover as many alternatives as possible and study them from all sides, comparing and evaluating them among themselves. This step allows analyzing the topic under consideration and finding new viewpoints.
The fourth step should be, in fact, the choice of the necessary path in which all the found alternatives and all the information obtained should be used. Since the information about the issue of interest should be known at this point, the choice should be made regarding each of the options positive and negative aspects. The fifth and sixth steps are implementing the chosen solution and checking if it fits the set goal. The last step is especially important, as it allows double-checking the results obtained, evaluate the work done, make adjustments, or return to alternatives if necessary.
Works Cited
McManus, Patricia A., and Kaitlin L. Johnson. Female Labor Force Participation in the US: How is Immigration Shaping Recent Trends? Social Science Research, vol. 87, 2020, pp. 1-45.
Parise, Salvatore, Patricia J. Guinan, and Ron Kafka. Solving the Crisis of Immediacy: How Digital Technology Can Transform the Customer Experience. Business Horizons, vol. 59, no. 4, 2016, pp. 411-420.
What Are the 4 Basic Functions of Management? Indeed. 2020.
Salvia, Vanessa. 6 Steps of the Managerial Decision-Making Process. Bizfluent. 2018.
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